FACT CHECK #AIPVGNBT

EXHIBIT A

What you submitted

WHAT WE FOUND

Historical records and academic sources confirm that Southern Democrats were the driving political force behind the establishment and enforcement of Jim Crow laws 1 11. Following the Reconstruction era, Democratic Redeemer governments regained power across the South and enacted statutes to legalize racial segregation and disenfranchise Black citizens 4 13. These laws were rooted in a theory of white supremacy and served as a direct reaction to the advancements made during Reconstruction 3. Sources indicate that the Democratic Party historically oppressed African Americans through these measures and actively blocked anti-lynching legislation for decades 12. In the early 20th century, Democratic campaigns were often built on the goal of forcing voters to choose sides based on race to protect White political interests 5. As late as 1947, party organizations like the Mississippi Democratic Party issued specific rules to ensure complete white supremacy at the polls 16. While the party's platform shifted during the mid-20th century, its role in creating the original Jim Crow system is a matter of historical record 2 10.

SOURCES

1. 1 · library.law.howard.eduACADEMIC
   Reconstruction and Jim Crow Eras - A Brief History of Civil Rights in ...

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2. 2 · jimcrowmuseum.ferris.eduACADEMIC
   What was Jim Crow

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3. 3 · teachdemocracy.orgWEB
   A Brief History of Jim Crow - Teach Democracy

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4. 4 · history.comWEB
   Jim Crow Laws: Definition, Examples & Timeline | HISTORY

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5. 5 · ncbar.orgWEB
   1898 And The Shadow Of Jim Crow In North Carolina

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6. 6 · history.house.govACADEMIC
   The “Fulfillment of White's Prophecy” | US House of Representatives

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7. 7 · politifact.comFACT-CHECKER
   Fact-checking Byron Donalds' 'Jim Crow' comments - PolitiFact

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8. 8 · usatoday.comFACT-CHECKER
   Fact check: Democratic Party did not found the KKK, start Civil War

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9. 9 · eji.orgWEB
   [PDF] Segregation in America - Equal Justice Initiative

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10. 10 · ammo.comWEB
    Democrats & Jim Crow: A Century of Racist History the ... - Ammo.com

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11. 11 · quora.comWEB
    Which party (Democrat or Republican) created the original 'Jim ...

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12. 12 · www2.umbc.eduACADEMIC
    [PDF] African Americans and the Democratic Party - UMBC

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13. 13 · ballotpedia.orgWEB
    Jim Crow laws - Ballotpedia

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14. 14 · jointcenter.orgACADEMIC
    Institutionalizing the Struggle for Black Political Representation

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15. 15 · pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govACADEMIC
    How the Struggle for Public Health in the Jim Crow South Reflected ...

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16. 16 · segregationinamerica.eji.orgWEB
    From Slavery to Segregation | Equal Justice Initiative

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17. 17 · rsfjournal.orgACADEMIC
    The Road from Plessy to Frank and Voter ID Laws in the United States

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18. 18 · review.law.stanford.eduACADEMIC
    [PDF] Brown and Red: Defending Jim Crow in Cold War America

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